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Synopsis: ENSO-neutral is favored into the Northern Hemisphere summer 2013.
During March 2013, ENSO-neutral continued, with slightly above average SSTs in the eastern portion of the basin. Weekly values of all the Nino indices were between -0.5°C and +0.5°C during the month. The oceanic heat content (average temperature in the upper 300m of the ocean) increased to near-average during the month as an area of above-average temperatures at depth moved eastward into portions of the eastern basin. The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) again contributed to increased atmospheric variability over the tropical Pacific. Low-level winds were near average, and upper-level winds were anomalously westerly across the equatorial Pacific. Convection was enhanced over the western equatorial Pacific and suppressed in the central basin. Collectively, these features indicate the continuation of ENSO-neutral.