#Snowpack news April 29, 2024
Day: April 29, 2024
Trump will dismantle key US weather and science agency, climate experts fear: Plan to break up NOAA claims its research is āclimate alarmismā and calls for commercializing forecasts, weakening forecasts — The Guardian #ActOnClimate
Click the link to read the article on The Guardian website (Dharna Noor). Here’s an excerpt:
April 26, 2024
Climate experts fearĀ Donald TrumpĀ will follow a blueprint created by his allies to gut the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa), disbanding its work on climate science and tailoring its operations to business interests…The plan to ābreak up Noaa is laid out inĀ the Project 2025 documentĀ written byĀ more than 350 rightwingersĀ and helmed by the Heritage Foundation. Called the Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise, it is meant toĀ guide the first 180 days of presidencyĀ for an incoming Republican president. The document bears the fingerprints of Trump allies, including Johnny McEntee, who was one of Trumpās closest aides and is aĀ senior adviserĀ to Project 2025. āThe National Oceanographic [sic] and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa) should be dismantled and many of its functions eliminated, sent to other agencies, privatized, or placed under the control of states and territories,ā the proposal says…
Thatās a sign that the far right has āno interest in climate truthā, said Chris Gloninger, who last year left his job as a meteorologist in Iowa after receiving death threats over his spotlighting of global warming…The guidebook chapter detailing the strategy, which was recently spotlighted by E&E News, describes Noaa as a ācolossal operation that has become one of the main drivers of the climate change alarm industry and, as such, is harmful to future US prosperityā. It was written by Thomas Gilman, a former Chrysler executive who during Trumpās presidency was chief financial officer for Noaaās parent body, the commerce department…
Gilman writes that one of Noaaās six main offices, the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, should be ādisbandedā because it issues ātheoreticalā science and is āthe source of much of Noaaās climate alarmismā. Though he admits it serves āimportant public safety and business functions as well as academic functionsā, Gilman says data from the National Hurricane Center must be āpresented neutrally, without adjustments intended to support any one side in the climate debateā. But Noaaās research and data are ālargely neutral right nowā, said Andrew Rosenberg, a former Noaa official who is now a fellow at the University of New Hampshire. āIt in fact basically reports the science as the scientific evidence accumulates and has been quite cautious about reporting climate effects,ā he said. āItās not pushing some agenda.ā
[…]
Noaa also houses the National Weather Service (NWS), which provides weather and climate forecasts and warnings. Gilman calls for the service to āfully commercialize its forecasting operationsā. He goes on to say that Americans are already reliant on private weather forecasters, specifically naming AccuWeather and citing a PR release issued by the company to claim that āstudies have found that the forecasts and warnings provided by the private companies are more reliableā than the public sectorās. (The mention is noteworthy as Trump once tapped the former CEO of AccuWeather to lead Noaa, though his nomination was soon withdrawn.) The claims come amid years of attempts from US conservatives to help private companies enter the forecasting arena ā proposals that are ānonsenseā, said Rosenberg. Right now, all people can access high-quality forecasts for free through the NWS. But if forecasts were conducted only by private companies that have a profit motive, crucial programming might no longer be available to those in whom business executives donāt see value, said Rosenberg.
Good News from the Clean Energy Beat: #Solar for All! Clean Energy Powers California! — Jonathan P. Thompson (LandDesk.org) #ActOnClimate
Click the link to read the article on The Land Desk website (Jonathan P. Thompson):
April 26, 2024
šĀ Good News CornerĀ š
Now this is what Iām talking about: Last week, the Biden administration forked out $7 billion to states, tribal nations, and non-profits to carry out its Solar for All program aimed at expanding rooftop and residential solar and energy storage access to low-income folks and other underserved communities. About $1.7 billion of that cash will go to the West (see breakdown below). This is what I call a win-win-win-win situation:
- Win 1 = It will add more solar power to the nationās energy mix, hopefully displacing some fossil fuel generation, which will result in cleaner air and fewer greenhouse gas emissions.
- Win 2 = This added solar will be on rooftops or vacant lots in or near towns or cities, reducing the need to blanket the desert with photovoltaics, which can be hugely destructive to ecosystems and wildlife habitat.
- Win 3 = Rooftop and community-level solar installations will increase residentsā self-sufficiency and reduce dependency on the grid, which is becoming less and less reliable as more frequent and severe extreme weather events damage infrastructure and utilities are forced to shut off power to reduce wildfire hazard. Plus, many homes that lack access to electricity, especially on tribal lands, will now have power.
- Win 4 = This program has the potential to radically transform the residential solar landscape, redistributing this exclusive amenity now reserved to homeowners who can afford to spend tens of thousands of dollars upfront on a solar system, to, well, all of us, including renters.
Recipients include:
- Colorado Energy Office: $156 million for single-family and multifamily rooftop solar statewide.
- New Mexico Energy, Minerals, & Natural Resources Department: $156 million to āhelp overcome existing barriers to widespread adoption of distributed solar generationā by expanding access to shared solar beyond the new community solar program.
- Utah Office of Energy Development: $62 million to launch a new program to āstrengthen the market for deploying residential-serving solar ā¦ for disadvantaged and low-income homesā
- Montana and Wyoming and Idaho, Bonneville Environmental Foundation: $131 million to āexpand economic and environmental benefits of solar to low-income, tribal, and disadvantaged communities.ā
- Colorado-based Oweesta Corporation: $156 million to āaddress adoption barriers to Native residential and community solar deploymentā in tribal lands across the nation.
- Executive Office of the State of Arizona: $156 million to ābring the benefits of the stateās abundant solar resources to the stateās low-income and disadvantaged communities.ā
- California Infrastructure Economic Development Bank: $250 million to reach āthe homes and businesses statewide that are most in need of affordable, reliable clean energy.ā
- Nevada Clean Energy Fund: $156 million
- Hopi Utilities Corporation: $25 million to deploy residential solar and storage systems on the Hopi Reservation, where 35% of households do not have electricity and those that do experience frequent and extended outages.
- GRID Alternatives (Western Indigenous Network Solar for All) $62 million. Provides grants and incentives and technical assistance to deploy tribal residential solar, prioritizing communities in Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah.
- Alaska Energy Authority, $62 million, to partner with Alaska Housing Finance Corporation to deploy solar photovoltaic infrastructure statewide.
- Oregon Department of Energy, $87 million
- Washington State Department of Commerce, $156 million
- Alaska, Tanana Chiefs Conference $62 million to provide tribal residents with residential and community solar.
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And the good news keeps a coming: Wind, solar, hydropower, and geothermal generation supplied more than 100% of Californiaās energy demand on 39 of 47 days this spring. It wasnāt all day, by any means, but anywhere from about 15 minutes on some days to just over nine hours on April 20.
That is to say that a state of 39 million people, with one of the worldās largest economies, ran on non-fossil-fuel energy sources for more than nine hours. Thatās a big deal.
Sure, it was on a Saturday in spring, when power demand tends to be lower, and on 4/20, when I guess a lot of people might have been outside smoking dope, which may or may not have affected electricity use. And a small percentage of that power came from large hydropower dams, which have their own problems and which California does not apply toward its renewable portfolio standards. Still, itās a milestone that wasnāt imaginable a couple of decades ago, when coal generation dominated the power grid and utility-scale solar and wind power barely registered.
Most of the power came from utility-scale solar installations (California grid operators donāt track rooftop solar output, but it contributed by reducing overall demand). In fact, the stateās collective solar systems not only met demand, but exceeded it enough to charge grid-scale batteries and still have enough left over to export to other states. On some days there was so much solar they had to curtail generation ā or basically throw it away.
Hereās what it looked like:
And then thereās the dreaded solar duck curve to deal with. This refers to the shape of the electricity net-demand graph on sunny days (net-demand is determined by subtracting solar and wind supply from demand since they arenāt ādispatchableā power sources). On a number of days this spring, solar output was so high that it pushed the net-demand curve down into negative territory in the middle of the day. The real problemās start when the sun sets and solar output suddenly diminishes. The net-demand curve shoots back up, forcing grid operators to fire up natural gas generation to āfollow the load,ā or meet demand.
But even that dynamic is changing as an ever-increasing amount of that late afternoon load spike is being met with power from grid-scale batteries that had been charging all day. On the evening of April 16, for example, another milestone was reached when battery storage discharge became the largest energy source on Californiaās grid, contributing nearly as much power as natural gas and nuclear generation combined for about an hour. Just this week, California announced it had surpassed 10,000 megawatts of battery storage capacity ā a 1,250% increase from just five years ago.
Batteries alone, however, wonāt get California or the West to 100% clean energy. The region will also need more of whatās known as āgeographic smoothing,ā or moving power around the region to fill gaps left when wind and solar generation drop off. This might include sending Wyoming wind power to California when the sun stops shining, or shipping California solar to Colorado during the middle of the day. Achieving this will require better regional integration of the grid and power markets. Just yesterday the Biden administration announced a plan to spend $331 million to help build out transmission lines, an important step in realizing this goal.
Read more about the Duck Curve:
The Energy Transition and Public Lands, Part III — December 15, 2021.
A recap of Part I and Part II: Climate change is wreaking havoc on the electricity grid as extreme heat spurs an increase in demand for pā¦
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NEWS: Another proposed pumped hydropower storage project on the Navajo Nation bites the dust.
CONTEXT: One way to store energy is in batteries. Another way is with pumped hydropower facilities, usually consisting of two reservoirs, one above the other. Surplus power from the grid, usually generated by solar or wind during the day, is used to pump water from the lower to the upper reservoir. When the power is needed, such as when the sun sets and solar drops off, water is released from the upper reservoir and gravity propels it through a turbine that feeds electricity into the grid before emptying into the lower reservoir to begin the cycle anew.
Itās smart technology, capable of providing massive amounts of energy just when itās needed. The problem is, these things require water, dams, reservoirs, pumping plants, and pipelines, all of which can have an impact. That means properly siting these facilities ā and working with stakeholders before finalizing plans or applying for permits ā is important. And, well, so far, a lot of developers havenāt done a great job with that, and now itās biting them in the butt.
A few months ago the Land Desk reported on federal regulatorsā rejection of seven proposed pumped hydropower storage projects on the Navajo Nation, while also establishing a policy of denying any project on tribal land if the tribe opposes it. The regulators deferred a decision on one additional proposal ā the massive, three-reservoir Big Canyon project that would be on Navajo Nation land along a tributary of the Little Colorado River. The Navajo Nation initially had expressed concerns about the proposal without explicitly opposing it. After the new policy was put in place, the tribe clarified its opposition. This week, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission followed its new policy and rejected the permit.
Itās a bummer to see so many clean energy proposals go down in flames. Had they been built, the projects would have contributed mightily to the Western energy transition. Their failure, however, is not on the tribal nation or advocates who opposed the projects. The developers are to blame for faulty siting decisions and for failing to adequately consult with stakeholders at the very beginning of the process. That would save everyone a lot of headaches, and it might even result in some good projects getting built in the right places.
For more on the proposals and their problems, check out this excellent piece ā complete with great maps ā by the Grand Canyon Trustās Daryn Akei Melvyn.
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The #ColoradoRiver district kicks in more funds for study of reservoir project — The #GrandJunction Daily Sentinel #WhiteRiver #GreenRiver #COriver #aridification
Click the link to read the article on The Grand Junction Daily Sentinel website (Dennis Webb). Here’s an excerpt:
April 27, 2024
The Colorado River District has contributed $550,000 toward efforts to pursue permitting for a possible 66,720 acre-foot reservoir on a tributary of the White River in Rio Blanco County. The river district board recently approved the funding after approving a previous grant of $330,000 in 2021 to help with permitting efforts. The funding is coming from Community Funding Partnership money that is generated by a tax increase approved by voters in the 15-county district in 2020.
The Rio Blanco Water Conservancy District has been pursuing the project for more than a decade. In 2021, the Rio Blanco district and state Division of Water Resources reached an agreement averting a trial in water court and resulting in a decree giving the district the right to store 66,720 acre-feet of water for a number of uses. The Rio Blanco districtās preferred reservoir site would be on Wolf Creek, and the reservoir would be filled with water pumped from the White River. Among anticipated uses, it would supply water to the town of Rangely and to farmers and ranchers.
The river district board hasnāt taken a formal position on the project itself. But it approved the 2021 funding after district staff endorsed the need for an inclusive, collaborative permitting process, and for a robust review of alternatives and reservoir sizing that identified local water needs, according to a river district staff memo to the districtās board. The board also encouraged the Rio Blanco district at that time to seek more river district funding as the permitting process progressed.
While the Rio Blanco district, through a Bureau of Land Management process, completed the permitting work that the initial river district funding supported, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in January determined the project will require an individual Corps of Engineers permit, meaning more review will be needed. The Rio Blanco district spent about $3.25 million for permitting and pre-permitting work on the project from 2021-23. It has estimated that permitting will cost another $2.7 million through 2025, and other project expenses in 2024-25, such as design and engineering, will cost nearly $2 million. It had asked for $1.5 million from the river district in its latest request.
A #Nevada professorās invention has steered Western water supply for more than 100 years — #Wyoming Public Media #snowpack
Click the link to read the article on the Wyoming Public Media website (Kaleb Roedel). Here’s an excerpt:
March 8, 2024
In the early 1900s, James Church was a professor at the University of Nevada, Reno. He taught classics, German and art history. Outside the classroom, he loved to be outside ā in the mountains…That propelled Church and researchers from the Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station to build a weather observatory on the summit of Mt. Rose. Their goal was to better track snowfall and spring runoff data. In the process, Church developed and patented a snow tube he called the Mt. Rose sampler. Itās the device still used by Anderson and hydrologists around the world…Before Church created the Mt. Rose sampler, snowpack measurements focused on depth. His invention, however, showed how much water was in the snow and would end up in rivers and lakes…
[Adrian] Harpold says the snow science pioneered by Church does more than help water managers predict summertime water supplies for cities and farmers. It also allows emergency managers to forecast floods and droughts, which are becoming more frequent and severe in a warming world.
āThe value of that small piece of metal that he invented is probably literally billions of dollars over the last 100 years,ā Harpold says…
Churchās groundbreaking work in the early 1900s became the backbone of water management in the West, says [Jeff] Anderson, adding that āby the ā20s, which is only like 10 years after he developed the snow tubes, it already spread to other states across the West.ā And in 1935, after a year of severe drought, the federal government created a Western snow survey and water supply forecasting program, based entirely on Churchās techniques…A century later, newer technologies can measure the amount of water in the snow crunching beneath my snowshoes. It can be done automatically at remote weather stations called SNOTEL sites.
